Improving the efficiency of electric arc surfacing in a longitudinal magnetic field
Abstract
Razmyshlyaev A. D., Ahieieva M. V. Improving the efficiency of electric arc surfacing in a longitudinal magnetic field // Herald of the DSEA. – 2019. – № 2 (46). – P. 35–40.
To improve the efficiency of the submerged arc welding process, the use of external longitudinal magnetic fields (LMF) is promising. In this case, the coefficient of melting of the electrode wire increases, the depth and area of the base metal melted decreases, the share of the base metal in the weld metal decreases. The coefficient of melting of the electrode wire (αр) during arc surfacing and submerged-arc welding in a LMF with reverse and direct polarity is determined by ferromagnetic and paramagnetic (nonmagnetic) wires. The increase in the coefficient of melting of the electrode wire occurs when exposed to a constant LMF, and also to a lesser extent at LMF with a frequency of 50 Hz when surfacing by ferromagnetic wire on products made of ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic steels. The maximum increase in the melting ratio of the wire occurs during welding and welding with a constant magnetic field. The effect of influence decreases with an increase in the frequency of LMF to 4 - 6 Hz and practically does not change with a further increase in the frequency of the field to 50 Hz. It is shown that the effect of increasing the melting coefficient of the electrode wire depends on its magnetic properties. When surfacing from non-magnetic materials, there is no increase in the melting coefficient. During surfacing by a consumable electrode, the trends in the influence of the LMF on the distribution pattern of the gas-dynamic pressure of the arc along the radius established for the process of welding with a tungsten electrode in argon remain. It is established that when surfacing in a constant and frequency of 50 Hz longitudinal magnetic field, the penetration depth of the base metal decreases if the value of the longitudinal induction component exceeds 65 mT. Constant and variable LMF has an inhibitory effect on the flow rate of liquid metal in the bath, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of penetration of the base metal during surfacing.
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