Influence of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of surfaced metal in die-casting steels
Abstract
Holub D. M., Kushchii H. M., Haivoronskyi O. O. Influence of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of surfaced metal in die-casting steels // Herald of the DSEA. – 2019. – № 2 (46). – Р. 11–16.
It is technically promising and economically feasible by increasing the lifetime of the tool and reducing the cost of the die tool to make it surfaced. In this case, the regulation of the properties of the surfaced layer is most accessible by changing the composition of the surfaced metal and its thermal treatment modes. Rebuilding worn parts of the parts significantly reduces the consumption of metal for the manufacture of spare parts and a new tool. The surfaced layer can be applied on the basis of structural steel, which achieves economy of scarce alloyed steels. The most widespread use was given to the melting of the die tool with coated electrodes. To increase the durability of the stamping tool for cold stamping, the alloying of steels with active carbide-forming elements of tungsten and vanadium, forming solid carbides, is significantly affected. The hardness of the steel during the release is inversely proportional to the content of carbides in it, so the steel Х2В2ФМ and 8Х4ГСВ4Ф are the best in the carbide content. The steels of type X12 with high carbide content have a significant carbide heterogeneity. The residual austenite in steels compensates, within certain limits, an increase in the volume that is produced by the formation of martensite and in this it manifests its positive effect. However, residual austenite as a result of the transformations reduces the strength of steels under stresses depending on the tempering temperature at tempering from the optimum temperatures. The highest hardness is U8 steel, which obtains high hardness (more than 65 HRC) when quenched at a temperature of 750 °C. Complexly alloyed steels Х2В2ФМ, 8Х4ГСВ4Ф, 7Х3ГСМ and 7ХГ2ВФМ obtain the maximum hardness at tempering at 900 °С. Application of steel 8Х4ГСВ4Ф for surfacing of a stamping tool, performing separate operations, is the most optimal and will allow to significantly increase the life of stamps during their repeated use for surfacing.
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